Difference between revisions of "UKCA Chemistry and Aerosol Tutorial 9"
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| − | [[UKCA Chemistry and Aerosol Tutorials | Back to UKCA Chemistry and Aerosol Tutorials]] |
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| − | ==What you will learn in this Tutorial== |
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| − | In this tutorial you will learn how the two UKCA dry deposition schemes are implemented. You will then make changes to allow one of your new tracers to be dry-deposited. |
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| − | ==Task 9.1: adding new dry deposition values== |
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| − | <span style="color:green">'''TASK 9.1:''' You should now add in the dry deposition of '''ALICE'''. This species deposits in a similar way to '''CO'''. The values for '''depvel_defs_strattrop''' are:</span> |
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| − | {| border="1" |
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| − | ! Surface Type || Summer (day) || Summer (night) || Summer (24h ave) || Winter (day) || Winter (night) || Winter (24h ave) |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | '''Water''' || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | '''Forest''' || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | '''Grass''' || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | '''Desert''' || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 || 0.03 |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | '''Ice''' || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 || 0.00 |
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| − | |} |
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| − | <span style="color:green">i.e. the same as for CO.</span> |
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| − | {| class="collapsible collapsed wikitable" |
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| − | |- |
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| − | ! Hint |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | You will need to make changes for both dry deposition schemes. The changes to '''ukca_surfddr.F90''' can be made very easily by adding '''ALICE''' to the '''CO''' block in the <tt>CASE</tt> statement. |
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| − | |} |
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| − | '''Note:''' If you were unable to successfully complete [[UKCA Chemistry and Aerosol Tutorial 8#Task 8.1: Add a bimolecular reaction|Task 8.1]], then please take a copy of the '''h''' job from the Tutorial experiment (''Tutorial: solution to Task 8.1 - add a new bimolecular reaction'') and work from there, as this will allow you to only make the changes required for this task. Please also make a new branch and merge-in branch '''branch''' at revision number '''rev''' to allow you to proceed. |
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| − | ==Adding Dry Deposition== |
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| − | UKCA uses two different dry-deposition schemes: |
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| − | * A simple 2D parameterisation described by Giannakopoulos (1999)[1], Ganzeveld and Lelieveld (1995)[2], and Sander and Crutzen (1996)[3]. |
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| − | * A more detailed interactive parameterisation, based on the Wesely scheme (Wesely, 1989; Sanderson 2007)[4,5] |
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| − | The default scheme is the 2D scheme. To choose the interactive dry deposition scheme in the UMUI, go to '''Model Selection → Atmosphere → Model Configuration → UKCA Chemistry and Aerosols → COUPL''' and select '''UKCA interactive dry deposition scheme'''. |
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| − | '''Note:''' If you are using the interactive scheme and wish to add new values to it, you will also need to add values to the 2D scheme as well. As the 2D scheme is the default, it must always have values set. |
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| − | During this tutorial you will be tasked with adding the dry deposition of one of your new tracers. |
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| − | '''References''' |
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| − | # Giannakopoulos, C., M. P. Chipperfield, K. S. Law, and J. A. Pyle (1999), Validation and intercomparison of wet and dry deposition schemes using 210Pb in a global three-dimensional off-line chemical transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D19), 23761–23784, doi:10.1029/1999JD900392. |
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| − | # Ganzeveld, L., and J. Lelieveld (1995), Dry deposition parameterization in a chemistry general circulation model and its influence on the distribution of reactive trace gases, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D10), 20999–21012, doi:10.1029/95JD02266. |
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| − | # Sander, R., and P. J. Crutzen (1996), Model study indicating halogen activation and ozone destruction in polluted air masses transported to the sea, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D4), 9121–9138, doi:10.1029/95JD03793. |
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| − | # M.L. Wesely, Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models, Atmospheric Environment (1967), Volume 23, Issue 6, 1989, Pages 1293-1304, ISSN 0004-6981, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(89)90153-4. |
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| − | # Sanderson, M. G., Collins, W. J., Hemming, D. L. and Betts, R. A. (2007), Stomatal conductance changes due to increasing carbon dioxide levels: Projected impact on surface ozone levels. Tellus B, 59: 404–411. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00277.x |
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| − | ==Chemistry Scheme Specification== |
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| − | The default is to use the 2D scheme, although it is advisable to use the interactive scheme. Within the UKCA code, whether a species is dry deposited or not is controlled in the '''ukca_chem_<span style="color:blue">scheme</span>.F90''' file. In the '''chch_defs_<span style="color:blue">scheme</span>''' array there are lines like |
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| − | chch_t( 10,'HONO2 ', 1,'TR ',' ', <span style="color:red">'''1'''</span>, 1, 0), & ! 10 DD: 7,WD: 4, |
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| − | chch_t( 11,'H2O2 ', 1,'TR ',' ', <span style="color:red">'''1'''</span>, 1, 0), & ! 11 DD: 8,WD: 5, |
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| − | Where the <span style="color:red">'''1'''</span> in the 6th column turns on dry deposition of that species (being 0 otherwise). You will need to change the 0 to a '''1''' for the species that you wish to now dry deposit. |
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| − | ==2D Dry Deposition Scheme== |
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| − | The deposition velocities for the 2D scheme are defined in the '''depvel_defs_<span style="color:blue">scheme</span>''' array, which is held in the '''ukca_chem_<span style="color:blue">scheme</span>.F90''' module. This is a large array made up of size (6,5) blocks. These blocks mean |
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| − | {| border="1" |
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| − | | Summer (day) velocity over water || Summer (night) velocity over water || Summer (24h ave.) velocity over water || Winter (day) velocity over water || Winter (night) velocity over water || Winter (24h ave.) velocity over water |
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| − | | Summer (day) velocity over forest || Summer (night) velocity over forest || Summer (24h ave.) velocity over forest || Winter (day) velocity over forest || Winter (night) velocity over forest || Winter (24h ave.) velocity over forest |
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| − | | Summer (day) velocity over grass || Summer (night) velocity over grass || Summer (24h ave.) velocity over grass || Winter (day) velocity over grass || Winter (night) velocity over grass || Winter (24h ave.) velocity over grass |
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| − | | Summer (day) velocity over desert || Summer (night) velocity over desert || Summer (24h ave.) velocity over desert || Winter (day) velocity over desert || Winter (night) velocity over desert || Winter (24h ave.) velocity over desert |
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| − | |- |
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| − | | Summer (day) velocity over ice || Summer (night) velocity over ice || Summer (24h ave.) velocity over ice || Winter (day) velocity over ice || Winter (night) velocity over ice || Winter (24h ave.) velocity over ice |
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| − | |} |
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| − | and are in cm/s. The ''desert'' category is not used, and only the ''day'' and ''night'' values are considered in the calculation of the dry-deposition velocities. Examples of these values are |
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| − | ! 1 O3 (Ganzeveld & Lelieveld (1995) note 1 (modified to same as Guang) |
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| − | 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, & ! 1.1 |
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| − | 0.85, 0.30, 0.65, 0.65, 0.25, 0.45, & ! 1.2 |
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| − | 0.65, 0.25, 0.45, 0.65, 0.25, 0.45, & ! 1.3 |
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| − | 0.18, 0.18, 0.18, 0.18, 0.18, 0.18, & ! 1.4 |
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| − | 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, & ! 1.5 |
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| − | ! 2 NO (inferred from NO2 - see Giannakopoulos (1998)) |
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| − | 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & ! 2.1 |
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| − | 0.14, 0.01, 0.07, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, & ! 2.2 |
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| − | 0.10, 0.01, 0.06, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, & ! 2.3 |
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| − | 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, & ! 2.4 |
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| − | 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & ! 2.5 |
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| − | '''Note:''' When adding new deposition values you should be careful. UKCA assumes that the order of this array is the same as the order of the species in the '''chch_defs_<span style="color:blue">scheme</span>''' array. If you are adding values for a species in the middle of the list then you will need to make sure that you slot it in to the appropriate place in the existing '''depvel_defs_<span style="color:blue">scheme</span>''' array (and change the size of this array accordingly). |
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| − | This scheme is controlled in '''ukca_ddeprt.F90'''. The deposition only occurs in the bottom (i.e. 'surface') layer. |
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| − | ==Interactive Dry Deposition Scheme== |
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| − | Adding in new species to the interactive scheme is slightly more involved than for the 2D scheme. This scheme is controlled from the '''ukca_ddepctl.F90''' routine which is called from ''ukca_chemistry_ctl.F90''. |
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| − | The two routines '''ukca_aerod.F90''' and '''ukca_surfddr.F90''' contain species specific information, and it is these routines that need to be altered to add in values for a new species. Further details on this scheme can be found in the {{pdf|Umdp84_vn82.pdf|UKCA documentation paper for UM version 8.2}}. |
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| − | When using this scheme, dry deposition occurs throughout the boundary layer, rather than just in the lowest model (i.e. surface) layer. |
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| − | ===Changes to ukca_aerod.F90=== |
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| − | This routine calculates the aerodynamic and quasi-laminar surface resistances. The species dependant information that is needed is the diffusion coefficient, '''d0''' (in units of <math>m^{2}s^{-1}</math>). By default this is set to -1 if the species is not deposited. If it is deposited, and there are no values for this coefficient in the literature, it is suggested that <math>d_{0,\textrm{species}}</math> is calculated as |
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| − | <math> |
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| − | d_{0,\textrm{species}} = d_{0,H_{2}O} \ \sqrt[]{M_{H_{2}O}/M_{\textrm{species}}} |
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| − | </math> |
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| − | Where <math>M_{H_{2}O}</math> is the relative molecular mass of H2O, and <math>M_{\textrm{species}}</math> is the relative molecular mass of the species being deposited, and <math>d_{0,H_{2}O}</math> is the diffusion coefficient for H2O (2.08E-5 <math>m^{2}s^{-1}</math>). |
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| − | You should add in an appropriate value for the new species that you are depositing in the '''CASE''' statement in this routine. Examples of how this is already done are |
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| − | CASE ('O3 ','NO2 ','O3S ','NO3 ') |
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| − | d0(j) = 1.4e-5 |
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| − | CASE ('HONO ') |
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| − | d0(j) = d_h2o * SQRT(m_h2o / m_hono) |
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| − | '''Note:''' If you have not yet defined a '''M_<span style="color:blue">species</span>''' value for your new species, you will need to do this in '''ukca_constants.F90'''. |
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| − | ===Changes to ukca_surfddr.F90=== |
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| − | The Wesely scheme considers 9 different surface types: |
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| − | # Broadleaved trees |
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| − | # Needleleaf trees |
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| − | # C3 Grass |
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| − | # C4 Grass |
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| − | # Shrub |
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| − | # Urban |
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| − | # Water |
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| − | # Bare Soil |
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| − | # Ice |
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| − | '''ukca_surfddr.F90''' sets the surface resistance (in <math>sm^{-1}</math>) for each of the species dry-deposited ('''rsurf''')). If a species is not deposited onto a particular type of surface (but is deposited onto other types) then its resistance on this type can be set to a very large value ('''r_null'''). Often many species are assigned the same values. You will need to add in appropriate values for your species into the '''CASE''' statement within this routine. |
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| − | Examples of how this is already done are |
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| − | CASE ('NO2 ','NO3 ') |
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| − | rsurf(:,n)=(/225.,225.,400.,400.,600.,1200.,2600.,1200., & |
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| − | 3500. /) |
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| − | CASE ('CO ') |
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| − | rsurf(:,n)=(/3700.,7300.,4550.,1960.,4550.0,r_null,r_null, & |
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| − | 4550.0,r_null /) ! Shrub+bare soil set to C3 grass (guess) |
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| − | ==Increase the value of JPDD== |
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| − | When you added a new chemical reaction you needed to increment a counter which gave the number of reactions, when adding new dry deposition of a species you will need to increase the size of the '''JPDD''' counter. This is done with a hand-edit, the value of '''JPDD''' being set in the '''CNTLATM''' file in your <tt>$HOME/umui_jobs/<span style="color:blue">jobid</span></tt> directory. |
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| − | ==Solution to Task 9.1: adding new dry deposition values== |
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| − | Please see [[Solution to UKCA Chemistry and Aerosol Tutorial 9 Task 9.1 |this page]] for a solution to [[#Task 9.1: adding new dry deposition values|Task 9.1]]. |
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| − | ---- |
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| − | ''Written by [[User:Nla27 | Luke Abraham]] 2014'' |
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